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Ferns are vascular plants that have roots, stems and leaves. They have a complicated life cycle which alternates between a tiny filmy plant that reproduces sexually and a larger leafy plant stage that reproduces by spores.
Ferns can be found growing on the ground in damp, shady places, in cracks in dry rock faces, on high tree branches in forests and even in lakes or streams. They can be tiny or as large as trees.
Ferns have been around for at least 360 million years. It has been estimated that there might be as many as 15,000 species of fern world-wide.
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Fern frond showing the structures that produce spores.
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- Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair
- Adiantum hispidulum var. hispidulum Five Fingers, Rough Maidenhair, Shaggy Rock Fern
- Cheilanthes distans Bristly Cloak Fern, Shaggy Rock Fern
- Cheilanthes sieberi subsp. sieberi Mulga Fern, Poison Rock Fern, Rock Fern
- Pellaea calidirupium Hot Rock Fern, Inland Sickle Fern
- Pellaea paradoxa Heart Fern, Sickle Fern
- Asplenium australasicum Bird's Nest Fern
- Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace Fern
- Asplenium flaccidum subsp. flaccidum Weeping Spleenwort
- Asplenium polyodon Mare's Tail Fern, Sickle Spleenwort
- Asplenium subglandulosum subsp. subglandulosum Blanket Fern, Bristly Cloak Fern
- Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle Fern, Soft Water Fern
- Blechnum minus Soft Water Fern
- Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water Fern
- Blechnum patersonii subsp. patersonii Strap Water Fern
- Blechnum wattsii Hard Water Fern
- Doodia aspera Fire Fern, Prickly Rasp Fern
- Doodia caudata Small Rasp Fern, Small Water Fern
- Doodia media Common Rasp Fern
- Cyathea australis Black Tree-fern, Rough Tree-fern
- Davallia pyxidata Hare's Foot Fern
- Histiopteris incisa Bat's Wing Fern, Batswing Fern, Oak Fern
- Hypolepis glandulifera Downy Ground Fern, Sticky Ground Fern
- Hypolepis muelleri Harsh Ground Fern
- Hypolepis muelleri x H.rugosula
- Hypolepis rugosula Ruddy Ground Fern
- Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken, Bracken, Common Bracken, Gurgi (Cadigal)
- Calochlaena dubia Common Ground Fern, Mountain Bracken, Rainbow Fern
- Dicksonia antarctica Brown Tree-fern, Soft Tree-fern
- Lastreopsis decomposita Trim Shield Fern
- Polystichum fallax
- Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral Fern, Tangle Fern
- Gleichenia microphylla Parasol Fern, Scrambling Coral Fern, Umbrella Fern
- Sticherus flabellatus var. flabellatus Fan Fern, Shiny Fan Fern, Umbrella Fern
- Grammitis stenophylla Narrow-leaf Finger Fern
- Notogrammitis billardierei Finger Fern
- Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy Fern
- Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern
- Lindsaea microphylla Lacy Wedge Fern
- Botrychium australe Austral Moonwort, Austral Moorwort, Parsley Fern
- Ophioglossum lusitanicum Adder's Tongue
- Dictymia brownii Creeping Fern, Strap Fern
- Microsorum scandens Fragrant Fern, Fragrant Climbing Fern
- Platycerium bifurcatum Elkhorn
- Pyrrosia rupestris Rock Felt Fern
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- Lycopodiella lateralis Slender Clubmoss
- Phlegmariurus varius Long Clubmoss, Tassel Fern (V)
- Psilotum nudum Skeleton Fork Fern
- Schizaea bifida Forked Comb Fern
- Selaginella gracillima Tiny Selaginella
- Selaginella uliginosa Swamp Clubmoss, Swamp Selaginella
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